The Precise Map Of Cotton Genome Is Of Great Significance To The Textile Industry.

China is the world's largest cotton producer, consumer and importer.

How to develop a breakthrough high yield, quality and multi resistant varieties is very important for the development of China's cotton industry.

Over the years, Professor Guo Wangzhen, a professor at Nanjing Agricultural University, has been studying the secrets of cotton genes. She told the Economic Daily reporters: "what I do is to paint a detailed and concise picture of cotton.

"Contact map", to identify the relationship between cotton genes and important traits, to provide guidance for the improvement of cotton varieties.

At present, the relevant data of Guo Wangzhen's research achievements have been uploaded to the international cotton public database, which is shared by the global peers.

Guo Wangzhen, 45 years old, was born in a village in Qingxu County, Shanxi.

"When I was home from school, I often helped my family to spin," I thought at the time. "It would be nice if the natural fiber products were refined and comfortable like worsted fabrics."

She recalls.

After college, Guo Wangzhen has been working on Crop Genetics and breeding.

The labor in cotton fields is very hard. Traditionally, it is mostly men's work. But Guo Wangzhen, who worked hard, persisted. Finally, he constructed the genetic map of the highest density allotetraploid Cotton Cultivar in the world, and drew the genome map of the largest planting area cotton seed in the world, and produced 5.

New varieties.

Guo Wangzhen said that traditional breeding mainly determines the quality of the target characters by phenotype, and the performance of the characters is closely related to the environmental conditions.

Therefore, using gene manipulation to enhance controllability can greatly enhance the accuracy and efficiency of breeding.

She stressed: "the biggest contribution of this genome map to breeding is probably to pform previous experience breeding into precision breeding."

There are a wide variety of cotton, and now there are 45 diploid cotton varieties and 5 tetraploid cotton species.

Guo Wangzhen studied the world's largest cotton seed, called upland cotton.

This cotton variety is allotetraploid, which accounts for more than 90% of the total cotton planting area in the world. It has significant high yield and wide adaptability.

Benefit from

And the team's research work, now, the quality cotton planting scale of our country has reached 2 million to 3 million mu, and has the advantages of salt and alkali resistance, high yield per unit, and good fiber quality. It not only brings higher planting income for farmers, but also makes cotton fabrics a possibility of getting into advanced fabrics.

As an important cash crop, cotton is very complex in terms of gene expression and gene expression.

What is the value of this precise genome map drawn by Guo Wangzhen?

She pointed out that in this cotton genome map, the genetic material is arranged in sequence on chromosomes.

On each chromosome, how the gene is arranged and what looks like, the relative position between genes is clear and clear. It has important reference for the in-depth analysis of the polyploid inheritance and structure of cotton.

In addition, it can also help to improve the accuracy of breeding target traits.

Speaking of the next research plan, Guo Wangzhen said that in the past, China's breeding targets paid more attention to output. Compared to the United States, cotton production in China was less than that in China, but fiber quality was 2 to 3 units higher than that in China.

Therefore, with the pformation and upgrading of modern agriculture in China, there are new concerns for cotton breeding objectives: first, we must cultivate high-quality cotton varieties.

Second, we must cultivate new cotton varieties with high resistance and resistance, and grow cotton in areas where crops are not suitable for planting, ensure cotton planting area and ensure the safety of China's cotton industry.

Thanks to her excellent performance, Guo Wangzhen won the twelve "China young women Scientist Award" at the end of 2015.